Items where Division is "Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences > Chemistry" and Year is 2011

A

An, Jihyun (2011) Porous Metal-Adeninate Crystalline Materials: Design, Synthesis and Emerging Properties. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

Arnold, David Matthew (2011) Synthesis of Biologically Active Heterocycles and Development of New Organometallic Methodologies. Master's Thesis, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

Asher, SA and Tuschel, DD and Vargson, TA and Wang, L and Geib, SJ (2011) Solid state and solution nitrate photochemistry: Photochemical evolution of the solid state lattice. Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 115 (17). 4279 - 4287. ISSN 1089-5639

B

Bajpai, R and Curran, DP (2011) Synthesis and spectroscopic analysis of a stereoisomer library of the phytophthora mating hormone α1 and derived bis-Mosher esters. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 133 (50). 20435 - 20443. ISSN 0002-7863

Bernard, ME and Kim, H and Berhane, H and Epperly, MW and Franicola, D and Zhang, X and Houghton, F and Shields, D and Wang, H and Bakkenist, CJ and Frantz, MC and Forbeck, EM and Goff, JP and Wipf, P and Greenberger, JS (2011) GS-nitroxide (JP4-039)-mediated radioprotection of human fanconi anemia cell lines. Radiation Research, 176 (5). 603 - 612. ISSN 0033-7587

Bird, Ryan George (2011) Development of Newly Built Chirped-pulsed Fourier Transform Microwave (CP-FTMW) Spectrometer for Studying Biomolecules in the Gas Phase. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

Botha, M and Chiang, AN and Needham, PB and Stephens, LL and Hoppe, HC and Külzer, S and Przyborski, JM and Lingelbach, K and Wipf, P and Brodsky, JL and Shonhai, A and Blatch, GL (2011) Plasmodium falciparum encodes a single cytosolic type i Hsp40 that functionally interacts with Hsp70 and is upregulated by heat shock. Cell Stress and Chaperones, 16 (4). 389 - 401. ISSN 1355-8145

Braunstein, MJ and Scott, SS and Scott, CM and Behrman, S and Walter, P and Wipf, P and Coplan, JD and Chrico, W and Joseph, D and Brodsky, JL and Batuman, O (2011) Antimyeloma effects of the heat shock protein 70 molecular chaperone inhibitor MAL3-101. Journal of Oncology. ISSN 1687-8450

Bravo-Altamirano, K and George, KM and Frantz, MC and Lavalle, CR and Tandon, M and Leimgruber, S and Sharlow, ER and Lazo, JS and Wang, QJ and Wipf, P (2011) Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of benzothienothiazepinone inhibitors of protein kinase D. ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2 (2). 154 - 159.

Brizgys, Gediminas J. (2011) Diastereoselective Piperidine Synthesis through DDQ-Mediated Oxidative Cyclization of Enamides, N-Vinyl Carbamates, and N-Vinyl Sulfonamides. Master's Thesis, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

Brown, Zachary Z (2011) Synthesis and Application of Functionalized Bis-Peptides Through Hindered Amide Bond Formation. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

Bruch, A and Fröhlich, R and Grimme, S and Studer, A and Curran, DP (2011) One product, two pathways: Initially divergent radical reactions reconverge to form a single product in high yield. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 133 (40). 16270 - 16276. ISSN 0002-7863

C

CHO, HYO SOON (2011) Diffusion and Solid State NMR Studies of Structures in Model Biological Membranes. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

Clark, AJ and Curran, DP and Geden, JV and James, N and Wilson, P (2011) Bond rotation dynamics of enamides: The effect of the acyl group and potential for chirality transfer during 5-endo trig radical cyclizations. Journal of Organic Chemistry, 76 (11). 4546 - 4551. ISSN 0022-3263

Clements, Casey Lynn (2011) HIGH RESOLUTION ELECTRONIC SPECTROSCOPY OF NITROGEN-CONTAINING MOLECULES IN THE GAS PHASE: 26DAP AND PYRBN. Master's Thesis, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

Curran, DP and Solovyev, A and Makhlouf Brahmi, M and Fensterbank, L and Malacria, M and Lacôte, E (2011) Synthesis and reactions of N-heterocyclic carbene boranes. Angewandte Chemie - International Edition, 50 (44). 10294 - 10317. ISSN 1433-7851

D

Ding, Jing (2011) Development of a Flexible Polarizable Water Model. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

F

Faraji, Amir Hussein (2011) Convection-Enhanced Delivery of Macromolecules to the Brain Using Electrokinetic Transport. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

Fleisher, Adam Joseph (2011) Charge transfer by electronic excitation: High resolution measurements via rotationally resolved spectroscopy in the gas phase. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

Frantz, MC and Pierce, JG and Pierce, JM and Kangying, L and Qingwei, W and Johnson, M and Wipf, P (2011) Large-scale asymmetric synthesis of the bioprotective agent JP4-039 and analogs. Organic Letters, 13 (9). 2318 - 2321. ISSN 1523-7060

Fu, Dezhi (2011) I. LEWIS BASE-CATALYZED ALDOL REACTION IN THE TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF ERYTHRONOLIDE B; II. EFFORTS TOWARDS THE TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF AMPHIDINOLIDE H. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

G

Gehret, JJ and Gu, L and Gerwick, WH and Wipf, P and Sherman, DH and Smith, JL (2011) Terminal alkene formation by the thioesterase of curacin A biosynthesis: Structure of a decarboxylating thioesterase. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 286 (16). 14445 - 14454. ISSN 0021-9258

George, KM and Frantz, MC and Bravo-Altamirano, K and la Valle, CR and Tandon, M and Leimgruber, S and Sharlow, ER and Lazo, JS and Jane Wang, Q and Wipf, P (2011) Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of PKD inhibitors. Pharmaceutics, 3 (2). 186 - 228.

Gerardi, Helen K and DeBlase, Andrew F and Su, Xiaoge and Jordan, Kenneth D and McCoy, Anne B and Johnson, Mark A (2011) Unraveling the Anomalous Solvatochromic Response of the Formate Ion Vibrational Spectrum: An Infrared, Ar-Tagging Study of the HCO2-, DCO2-, and HCO2-center dot H2O Ions. JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS, 2 (19). 2437 - 2441. ISSN 1948-7185

Goff, JP and Epperly, MW and Dixon, T and Wang, H and Franicola, D and Shields, D and Wipf, P and Li, S and Gao, X and Greenberger, JS (2011) Radiobiologic effects of GS-nitroxide (JP4-039) on the hematopoietic syndrome. In Vivo, 25 (3). 315 - 323. ISSN 0258-851X

Gudipati, V and Curran, DP (2011) Synthesis of C1-C20 and C21-C40 fragments of tetrafibricin. Tetrahedron Letters, 52 (17). 2254 - 2257. ISSN 0040-4039

Guthrie, DB and Geib, SJ and Curran, DP (2011) Radical and heck cyclizations of Diastereomeric o -haloanilide atropisomers. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 133 (1). 115 - 122. ISSN 0002-7863

Guy, Yifat (2011) Determination and Implications of Physicochemical Properties of the Brain. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

H

Hong, Z and Ahmed, Z and Asher, SA (2011) Circular dichroism and ultraviolet resonance raman indicate little Arg-Glu side chain α-helix peptide stabilization. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 115 (14). 4234 - 4243. ISSN 1520-6106

Hopkins, CD and Schmitz, JC and Chu, E and Wipf, P (2011) Total synthesis of (-)-CP<inf>2</inf>-disorazole C<inf>1</inf>. Organic Letters, 13 (15). 4088 - 4091. ISSN 1523-7060

Hoye, AT and Wipf, P (2011) Total synthesis of (-)-sessilifoliamide C and (-)-8-epi-stemoamide. Organic Letters, 13 (10). 2634 - 2637. ISSN 1523-7060

Huryn, DM and Brodsky, JL and Brummond, KM and Chambers, PG and Eyer, B and Ireland, AW and Kawasumi, M and LaPorte, MG and Lloyd, K and Manteau, B and Nghiem, P and Quade, B and Seguin, SP and Wipf, P (2011) Chemical methodology as a source of small-molecule checkpoint inhibitors and heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) modulators. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 108 (17). 6757 - 6762. ISSN 0027-8424

J

Jenness, GR and Karalti, O and Al-Saidi, WA and Jordan, KD (2011) Evaluation of theoretical approaches for describing the interaction of water with linear acenes. Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 115 (23). 5955 - 5964. ISSN 1089-5639

Jenness, Glen Richard (2011) Understanding Intermolecular Forces: DFT-SAPT studies on graphite-like acenes interacting with water. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

Jiménez, M and Zhu, W and Vogt, A and Day, BW and Curran, DP (2011) Efficient syntheses of 25,26-dihydrodictyostatin and 25,26-dihydro-6-epi- dictyostatin, two potent new microtubule-stabilizing agents. Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry, 7. 1372 - 1378. ISSN 1860-5397

Jogalekar, AS and Damodaran, K and Kriel, FH and Jung, WH and Alcaraz, AA and Zhong, S and Curran, DP and Snyder, JP (2011) Dictyostatin flexibility bridges conformations in solution and in the β-tubulin taxane binding site. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 133 (8). 2427 - 2436. ISSN 0002-7863

K

Kim, H and Bernard, ME and Epperly, MW and Shen, H and Amoscato, A and Dixon, TM and Doemling, AS and Li, S and Gao, X and Wipf, P and Wang, H and Zhang, X and Kagan, VE and Greenberger, JS (2011) Amelioration of radiation esophagitis by orally administered p53/Mdm2/Mdm4 inhibitor (BEB55) or GS-nitroxide. In Vivo, 25 (6). 841 - 848. ISSN 0258-851X

L

Lee, J and Sorescu, DC and Deng, X and Jordan, KD (2011) Diffusion of CO <inf>2</inf> on the rutile TiO <inf>2</inf>(110) surface. Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, 2 (24). 3114 - 3117.

liu, lei (2011) Synthesis of Structurally and Stereochemically Diverse Tetrahydropyran Structures via DDQ-Mediated Oxidative Carbon‒Hydrogen Bond Activation. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

M

Ma, L and Ahmed, Z and Asher, SA (2011) Ultraviolet resonance Raman study of side chain electrostatic control of poly-l-lysine conformation. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 115 (14). 4251 - 4258. ISSN 1520-6106

Maciejewski, John Paul (2011) New Methods for Heterocycle Preparation. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

Madison, Tamika Arlene (2011) Electron and Molecular Dynamics: Penning Ionization and Molecular Charge Transfer. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

Milner, E and Gardner, S and Moon, J and Grauer, K and Auschwitz, J and Bathurst, I and Caridha, D and Gerena, L and Gettayacamin, M and Johnson, J and Kozar, M and Lee, P and Leed, S and Li, Q and McCalmont, W and Melendez, V and Roncal, N and Sciotti, R and Smith, B and Sousa, J and Tungtaeng, A and Wipf, P and Dow, G (2011) Structure-activity relationships of 4-position diamine quinoline methanols as intermittent preventative treatment (IPT) against plasmodium falciparum. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 54 (18). 6277 - 6285. ISSN 0022-2623

Moquin, Keith F. (2011) IN VIVO FAST SCAN CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY REVEALS DISTINCT DOMAINS OF DOPAMINE TERMINAL FUNCTION IN THE STRIATUM. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

Moretti, Jared Daniel (2011) Fluorous Mixture Synthesis of Sch725674 and its Fifteen Stereoisomers. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

N

Norris, Benjamin Nathaniel (2011) Sequenced Phenylene-Vinylene Oligomers and Copolymers. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

O

Oladepo, SA and Xiong, K and Hong, Z and Asher, SA (2011) Elucidating peptide and protein structure and dynamics: UV resonance raman spectroscopy. Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, 2 (4). 334 - 344.

P

Park, Jung-hyun (2011) STUDIES ON AZA-CYCLOADDITION:PART 1. INTRAMOLECULAR KETENE-IMINE CYCLOADDITIONPART 2. IMINIUM ION-MEDIATED [4+2] CYCLOADDITION. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

Penich, Jessie Michael (2011) Ruthenium-Catalyzed [3,3]-Sigmatropic Rearrangements of α-Branched Allyl Vinyl Ethers. Master's Thesis, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

Pizzo, C and Saiz, C and Talevi, A and Gavernet, L and Palestro, P and Bellera, C and Blanch, LB and Benítez, D and Cazzulo, JJ and Chidichimo, A and Wipf, P and Mahler, SG (2011) Synthesis of 2-Hydrazolyl-4-Thiazolidinones Based on Multicomponent Reactions and Biological Evaluation Against Trypanosoma Cruzi. Chemical Biology and Drug Design, 77 (3). 166 - 172. ISSN 1747-0277

pan, xiaohong (2011) DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF CHIRAL N-HETEROCYCLIC CARBENES WITH APPLICATIONS TO ASYMMETRIC SYNTHESES AND SYNTHESIS OF DIBENZAZEPINONES BY PALLADIUM¨CCATALYZED INTRAMOLECULAR ARYLATION OF O-(2¡¯-BROMOPHENYL)ANILIDE ENOLATES. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

R

Rajapakse, Gayathri Ayasna (2011) Insight into Structure and Function of EcoRI Through Detailed Characterization of Nitroxide Side Chains Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Master's Thesis, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

Rwigema, JCM and Beck, B and Wang, W and Doemling, A and Epperly, MW and Shields, D and Goff, JP and Franicola, D and Dixon, T and Frantz, MC and Wipf, P and Tyurina, Y and Kagan, VE and Wang, H and Greenberger, JS (2011) Two strategies for the development of mitochondrion-targeted small molecule radiation damage mitigators. International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics, 80 (3). 860 - 868. ISSN 0360-3016

S

Saiz, C and Wipf, P and Mahler, G (2011) Synthesis and ring-chain-ring tautomerism of bisoxazolidines, thiazolidinyloxazolidines, and spirothiazolidines. Journal of Organic Chemistry, 76 (14). 5738 - 5746. ISSN 0022-3263

Shade, Chad M. (2011) Lanthanide-containing Nanomaterials and Complexes: Utilizing Lanthanide Luminescence for a Broad Range of Application. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

Sharlow, ER and Wilson, GM and Close, D and Leimgruber, S and Tandon, M and Reed, RB and Shun, TY and Wang, QJ and Wipf, P and Lazo, JS (2011) Discovery of diverse small molecule chemotypes with cell-based PKD1 inhibitory activity. PLoS ONE, 6 (10).

Sharma, B and Asher, SA (2011) UV resonance raman finds peptide bond-Arg side chain electronic interactions. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 115 (18). 5659 - 5664. ISSN 1520-6106

Sharma, Bhavya (2011) UV RESONANCE RAMAN EXCITATION PROFILES AND DEPOLARIZATION RATIOS AS PROBES OF ELECTRONIC TRANSITIONS IN PEPTIDES. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

Shin, Byong-kyu (2011) Electron Spin Resonance Analysis of Cu(II) Coordination in Alzheimer's Disease-Related Peptides. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

Solovyev, A and Lacôte, E and Curran, DP (2011) Ring lithiation and functionalization of imidazol-2-ylidene-boranes. Organic Letters, 13 (22). 6042 - 6045. ISSN 1523-7060

Sorescu, DC and Al-Saidi, WA and Jordan, KD (2011) CO<inf>2</inf> adsorption on TiO<inf>2</inf>(101) anatase: A dispersion-corrected density functional theory study. Journal of Chemical Physics, 135 (12). ISSN 0021-9606

Sorescu, DC and Lee, J and Al-Saidi, WA and Jordan, KD (2011) CO<inf>2</inf> adsorption on TiO<inf>2</inf>(110) rutile: Insight from dispersion-corrected density functional theory calculations and scanning tunneling microscopy experiments. Journal of Chemical Physics, 134 (10). ISSN 0021-9606

Studer, A and Curran, DP (2011) Organocatalysis and C-H activation meet radical- and electron-transfer reactions. Angewandte Chemie - International Edition, 50 (22). 5018 - 5022. ISSN 1433-7851

T

Tehfe, MA and Monot, J and Brahmi, MM and Bonin-Dubarle, H and Curran, DP and Malacria, M and Fensterbank, L and Lacôte, E and Lalevée, J and Fouassier, JP (2011) N-heterocyclic carbene-borane radicals as efficient initiating species of photopolymerization reactions under air. Polymer Chemistry, 2 (3). 625 - 631. ISSN 1759-9954

Thomas, Jessica Anne (2011) Structure and Dynamics of Biolmolecules in the Gas Phase Using Vibrationally and Rotationally Resolved Electronic Spectroscopy. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

Topper, Sarah L. (2011) Extra-column Band Broadening in Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Master's Thesis, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

U

Ueng, SH and Fensterbank, L and Lacôte, E and Malacria, M and Curran, DP (2011) Radical reductions of alkyl halides bearing electron withdrawing groups with N-heterocyclic carbene boranes. Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, 9 (9). 3415 - 3420. ISSN 1477-0520

V

Vollmer, LL and Jiménez, M and Camarco, DP and Zhu, W and Daghestani, HN and Balachandran, R and Reese, CE and Lazo, JS and Hukriede, NA and Curran, DP and Day, BW and Vogt, A (2011) A simplified synthesis of novel dictyostatin analogues with In Vitro activity against epothilone B-resistant cells and antiangiogenic activity in zebrafish embryos. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics, 10 (6). 994 - 1006. ISSN 1535-7163

Voora, VK and Al-Saidi, WA and Jordan, KD (2011) Density functional theory study of pyrophyllite and M-montmorillonites (M = Li, Na, K, Mg, and Ca): Role of dispersion interactions. Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 115 (34). 9695 - 9703. ISSN 1089-5639

W

Walton, JC and Brahmi, MM and Monot, J and Fensterbank, L and Malacria, M and Curran, DP and Lacǒte, E (2011) Electron paramagnetic resonance and computational studies of radicals derived from boron-substituted N-heterocyclic carbene boranes. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 133 (26). 10312 - 10321. ISSN 0002-7863

Wang, L and Tuschel, D and Asher, SA (2011) Templated photonic crystal fabrication of stoichiometrically complex nanoparticles for resonance raman solid cross section determinations. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 115 (32). 15767 - 15771. ISSN 1932-7447

Wang, L and Xie, Z and Wipf, P and Xie, XQ (2011) Residue preference mapping of ligand fragments in the protein data bank. Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling, 51 (4). 807 - 815. ISSN 1549-9596

Ware, Nathaniel F. (2011) Synthesis of Potential SH2 Domain Ligands Containing Phosphate Group Mimics. Master's Thesis, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

White, Kiley Ann (2011) NEAR-INFRARED EMITTING LANTHANIDE METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS WITH TUNABLE PHOTOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

Wipf, P and Manojlovic, MD (2011) Homoallylic amines by reductive inter- and intramolecular coupling of allenes and nitriles. Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry, 7. 824 - 830. ISSN 1860-5397

Wu, Mingyan (2011) Spectroscopic Investigations of Nanoscale Aggregates and Their Electron Transfer Properties in Solution. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

X

Xiong, K and Asher, SA (2011) Lowest energy electronic transition in aqueous Cl ^- Salts: Cl ^- → (H <inf>2</inf>O) <inf>6</inf> charge transfer transition. Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 115 (34). 9345 - 9348. ISSN 1089-5639

Xiong, K and Zwier, MC and Myshakina, NS and Burger, VM and Asher, SA and Chong, LT (2011) Direct observations of conformational distributions of intrinsically disordered p53 peptides using UV Raman and explicit solvent simulations. Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 115 (34). 9520 - 9527. ISSN 1089-5639

Y

Yan, Fangyong (2011) SELF-ASSEMBLY OF LIQUID CRYSTALS AND CHIRAL SUPERSTRUCTURES: FROM COARSE-GRAINED TO FULLY ATOMISTIC MODELS. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

Yang, Yanhong (2011) Fluorous membrane-based separations and reactions. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

Young, Justin (2011) HIGH RESOLUTION LASER STUDIES OF PHOTOINDUCED CHANGES IN MOLECULAR CHARGE DISTRIBUTIONS USING THE STARK EFFECT. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

Z

Zaware, N and LaPorte, MG and Farid, R and Liu, L and Wipf, P and Floreancig, PE (2011) Diversity-oriented synthesis of a library of substituted tetrahydropyrones using oxidative carbon-hydrogen bond activation and click chemistry. Molecules, 16 (5). 3648 - 3662.

Zhang, H and Curran, DP (2011) A short total synthesis of (±)-epimeloscine and (±)-meloscine enabled by a cascade radical annulation of a divinylcyclopropane. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 133 (27). 10376 - 10378. ISSN 0002-7863

Zhang, JT and Wang, L and Chao, X and Asher, SA (2011) Periodicity-controlled two-dimensional crystalline colloidal arrays. Langmuir, 27 (24). 15230 - 15235. ISSN 0743-7463

Zhang, JT and Wang, L and Luo, J and Tikhonov, A and Kornienko, N and Asher, SA (2011) 2-D array photonic crystal sensing motif. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 133 (24). 9152 - 9155. ISSN 0002-7863

Zhao, Q and Curran, DP and Malacria, M and Fensterbank, L and Goddard, JP and Lacôte, E (2011) N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed hydrosilylation of styryl and propargylic alcohols with dihydrosilanes. Chemistry - A European Journal, 17 (36). 9911 - 9914. ISSN 0947-6539

zhang, kai (2011) Fluorous mixture synthesis of four stereoisomers of the C21-C40 fragment of tetrafibricin and efforts towards total synthesis of tetrafibricin. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)