?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Fd-scholarship-dev.library.pitt.edu%2F8722%2F&rft.title=HIV%2FAIDS+prevention+strategies+in+Kenya.+A+critical+review&rft.creator=Mwaura%2C+Elon&rft.description=This+paper+critically+reviews+HIV%2FAIDS+prevention+strategies+in+Kenya.+Since+HIV%2FAIDS+was+discovered+over+twenty+years%2C+it+has+continued+to+be+a+public+health+problem+throughout+the+world.+While+global+prevalence+has+stabilized+in+recent+years%2C+the+number+of+people+living+with+HIV+is+increasing+because+of+new+infections+with+longer+survival+times.+High+rates+of+transmission+result+from+failure+to+use+effective+strategies+and+tools%2C+and+failure+to+target+high+risk+groups.+Kenya+is+no+exception+to+this+situation.+Objective+of+this+study+is+to+identify+gaps+in+HIV+prevention+and+make+recommendations+for+improvement.+MethodsThe+study+methodology+follows+three+steps.+1.+A+benchmark+of+proven+HIV+prevention+strategies+by+the+HIV+prevention+working+group+is+identified.+2.+Uganda's+HIV+prevention+efforts%2C+a+country+that+has+had+success+in+the+fight+for+AIDS%2C+are+presented+to+compare+to+Kenya's+efforts+3.+Kenya's+prevention+strategies+have+been+identified+through+examination+of+reports+and+websites+from+three+umbrella+bodies+representing+the+government%2C+non-governmental+and+community+organizations%2C+and+international+organizations.+Examination+and+comparisons+between+the+three+groups+will+help+identify+gaps+in+Kenya's+prevention+efforts+and+make+recommendations.ResultsOverall%2C+Kenya+has+put+effort+in+HIV+prevention+including+using+several+proven+strategies%2C+including%2C+voluntary+counseling+and+testing+for+HIV+(VCT)%2C+STI+diagnoses+and+management%2C+abstinence%2C+being+faithful+condom+use+and+male+circumcision+(ABCCs)%2C+prevention+of+mother+to+child+transmission+(PMTCT)%2C+behavior+change+communication+(BCC)%2C+safe+blood+supply+and+injection+safety.+Despite+these+efforts%2C+gaps+still+exist.+First%2C+regional+differences+in+HIV+infection%2C+second%2C+most+vulnerable+and+high+risk+groups+need+intensive+programs%2C+third%2C+prevention+efforts+lack+integration+with+other+programs.+Finally+there+are+gender+differentials+and+inequality%2C+insufficient+programs+for+young+people+and+cultural+barriers.+ConclusionsUniversal+coverage+of+prevention+efforts+is+necessary.+Social+factors+like+inequalities%2C+gender+differentials+and+cultural+barriers+need+to+be+addressed%2C+especially+women+empowerment.+Youths+should+be+targeted+through+age+specific+sex+education+programs.+High+risk+and+vulnerable+populations+should+be+prioritized.+Local+leaders+and+peer+training+are+necessary+to+reach+these+populations.+A+comprehensive+and+integrated+approach+to+HIV+prevention+is+advocated&rft.date=2009-09-29&rft.type=University+of+Pittsburgh+ETD&rft.type=PeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.language=en&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fd-scholarship-dev.library.pitt.edu%2F8722%2F1%2FmwauraE2009.pdf&rft.identifier=++Mwaura%2C+Elon++(2009)+HIV%2FAIDS+prevention+strategies+in+Kenya.+A+critical+review.++Master's+Thesis%2C+University+of+Pittsburgh.++++(Unpublished)++