?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Fd-scholarship-dev.library.pitt.edu%2F7213%2F&rft.title=Membrane+Fouling+During+the+Microfiltration+of+Primary+and+Secondary+Wastewater+Treatment+Plant+Effluents&rft.creator=Shan%2C+Huifeng&rft.description=Microfiltration+(MF)+has+emerged+as+a+useful+process+for+concentrating+fine+particles+and+clarifying+wastewater.+The+loss+of+membrane+flux+due+to+fouling%2C+however%2C+is+one+of+the+main+impediments+in+the+economical+development+of+membrane+processes+for+use+in+water+and+wastewater+treatment.+The+nature+and+extent+of+fouling+when+used+for+wastewater+is+strongly+influenced+by+three+factors%3A+biomass+characteristics%2C+operation+conditions%2C+and+membrane+characteristics.+This+study+is+an+extension+of+a+previous+research+on+application+of+microfiltration+in+treating+combined+sewage+overflow+(CSO)+and+focused+on+the+fouling+mechanism+of+microfiltration+of+primary+effluent+and+secondary+effluent+from+municipal+wastewater+treatment+plants%2C+the+former+of+which+was+used+herein+to+simulate+CSO.+A+3-step+test+was+designed+to+fractionate+membrane%2C+cake+and+irreversible+fouling+resistances+in+membrane+filtration+using+a+stirred+dead-end+cell+system.+The+results+shows+that+the+dominating+fouling+mechanism+for+microfiltration+of+primary+%2F+secondary+effluents+is+cake+resistance%2C+whereas+irreversible+fouling+dominates+the+fouling+of+tap+water+filtration%2C+indicating+a+totally+different+fouling+pattern+although+waste+tap+water+is+regarded+as+one+of+the+major+component+of+municipal+wastewater.+The+suspended+solids+in+both+primary+and+secondary+effluents+were+investigated+to+be+moderately+compressible+particles+by+showing+a+compressibility+index+n+around+0.4-0.6.+The+irreversible+fouling+of+membrane+filtration%2C+as+the+term+suggests%2C+is+hard+to+be+removed+and+results+in+unrecoverable+permeate+flux+decline+in+practice+although+it+occupies+a+comparatively+small+fraction+of+the+total+hydraulic+resistances+in+sewage+effluent+filtration+than+deposited+cake.+A+multi-cycle+test+was+conducted+to+investigate+how+the+irreversible+resistance+will+vary+over+repeated+cycles+of+membrane+filtration+and+surface+cleaning+like+a+long-term+practical+application.+The+result+of+a+17-cycle+test+showed+that+the+irreversible+resistance+gradually+increased+from+initial+5%25+to+about+21%25+of+total+resistance+after+six+cycles+and+then+basically+remained+constant+at+this+plateau.+This+study+is+valuable+to+industrial+application+and+design+of+membrane+processes%2C+especially+in+the+application+of+microfiltration+of+CSO+or+primary%2Fsecondary+effluents+as+a+tertiary+treatment+method.&rft.date=2004-09-13&rft.type=University+of+Pittsburgh+ETD&rft.type=PeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.language=en&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fd-scholarship-dev.library.pitt.edu%2F7213%2F1%2Fshan200407.pdf&rft.identifier=++Shan%2C+Huifeng++(2004)+Membrane+Fouling+During+the+Microfiltration+of+Primary+and+Secondary+Wastewater+Treatment+Plant+Effluents.++Master's+Thesis%2C+University+of+Pittsburgh.++++(Unpublished)++