?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Fd-scholarship-dev.library.pitt.edu%2F38097%2F&rft.title=OPTICAL+AND+SMALL-MOLECULE+CONTROL+OF+PROTEIN+FUNCTION+THROUGH+GENETIC+CODE+EXPANSION&rft.creator=Luo%2C+Ji&rft.description=Expanding+the+genetic+code+for+site-specific+incorporation+of+various+biophysical+probes+and+labels%2C+such+as+fluorescent+probes%2C+photolabile+caging+groups%2C+optical+probes%2C+photoswitches%2C+bioorthogonal+chemselective+groups%2C+offers+a+sophisticated+tool+for+exploring+protein+structure+and+function%2C+dissecting+the+cellular+processes%2C+and+developing+proteins+with+novel+properties.+Site-specific+installation+of+distinct+functional+groups+on+a+protein+of+interest+is+achieved+using+orthogonal+aminoacyl-tRNA+synthetase%2FtRNA+pairs+in+response+to+an+amber+stop+codon+(UAG)+placed+in+the+gene+of+interest.+In+this+dissertation%2C+genetic+encoding+of+a+series+of+diverse+unnatural+amino+acids+(UAAs)%2C+including+photocaged+lysines%2C+coumarin+lysines%2C+phthalimide+lysines%2C+photocaged+cysteines%2C+photocaged+tyrosines%2C+photoisomerizable+phenylalanines%2C+and+azido+lysines%2C+were+achieved+through+the+discovery+of+the+engineered+pyrrolysyl-tRNA+synthetase%2FtRNA+pair+from+bacteria+to+eukaryotic+cells.+Strategic+placement+of+these+functional+groups+renders+the+protein+inactive+until+deprotection+through+a+bioorthogonal+external+trigger+delivers+the+active+wild-type+protein.+This+developed+methodology+enables+the+conditional+control+of+various+cellular+processes+with+spatiotemporal+precision+in+a+non-invasive+way%2C+including+enzymatic+activation%2C+protein+folding%2C+protein+translocation%2C+gene+repair+(UvrD)%2C+post-translational+modification+(SUMO1)%2C+DNA+recombination+(Cre)%2C+RNA+processing+(Csy4)%2C+and+gene+editing+(CRISPR%2FCas9).&rft.date=2020-01-16&rft.type=University+of+Pittsburgh+ETD&rft.type=PeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.language=en&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fd-scholarship-dev.library.pitt.edu%2F38097%2F7%2FJi%2520Luo%2520Final%2520ETD.pdf&rft.identifier=++Luo%2C+Ji++(2020)+OPTICAL+AND+SMALL-MOLECULE+CONTROL+OF+PROTEIN+FUNCTION+THROUGH+GENETIC+CODE+EXPANSION.++Doctoral+Dissertation%2C+University+of+Pittsburgh.++++(Unpublished)++