?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Fd-scholarship-dev.library.pitt.edu%2F36453%2F&rft.title=Characterizing%2C+Controlling%2C+and+Using+Silver+Nanoparticle+Surface+Chemistry&rft.creator=Johnston%2C+Kathryn&rft.description=Surface+chemistry+is+important+at+all+length+scales%2C+but+it+is+particularly+important+at+the+nanoscale%2C+where+the+surface+area+per+unit+mass+is+much+higher+than+that+of+bulk+materials.+However%2C+surprisingly%2C+little+is+known+about+how+to+characterize+and+control+the+surface+chemistry+of+nanoparticles.+A+key+first+step+in+both+understanding+and+leveraging+nanoparticle+surface+chemistry+is+developing+and+implementing+analytical+methods+to+describe+the+chemical+architectures+present+at+the+nanoparticle+surface+(e.g.+ligand+identity%2C+quantity%2C+and+arrangement).%0D%0A%0D%0AWe+have+developed+an+analytical+method+to+quantify+the+molecules+(also+called+ligands)+adsorbed+to+nanoparticle+surfaces+using+a+combination+of+nuclear+magnetic+resonance+spectroscopy%2C+inductively+coupled+plasma+mass+spectrometry%2C+and+transmission+electron+microscopy.+This+method+enables+us+to+measure+ligand+quantities+on+a+variety+of+metal+nanoparticles+and+determine+trends+in+these+values+as+a+function+of+initial+ligand+identity.+Using+these+well-characterized+nanoparticles%2C+we+then+correlate+ligand+quantity+to+dissolution+behavior+for+widely-used+silver+nanoparticles.+We+find+unexpected+trends%2C+where+some+of+the+ligands+tested+do+not+exhibit+ligand+quantity-dependent+dissolution+in+some+conditions%2C+which+will+be+particularly+important+for+understanding+and+leveraging+their+antimicrobial+activity.+Further%2C+we+determine+the+effect+of+the+released+silver+ions+on+bacteria+growth+in+specific%2C+complex+chemical+environments+and+show+that+a+combination+of+the+silver+nanoparticles+and+their+released+ions+have+a+larger+antimicrobial+effect+than+the+released+ions+alone.+Taken+together%2C+these+experiments+highlight+the+importance+of+robust+nanoparticle+characterization+overall%2C+and+specifically+the+importance+of+surface+chemistry+characterization.+We+have+shown+that+characterizing+and+controlling+metal+nanoparticle+surface+chemistry+provides+insight+into+their+performance+in+applications+such+as+antimicrobials.+We+expect+that+these+results+will+contribute+to+the+evaluation+of+metal+nanoparticles+in+a+variety+of+antimicrobial+and+industrial+applications.&rft.date=2019-06-20&rft.type=University+of+Pittsburgh+ETD&rft.type=PeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.language=en&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fd-scholarship-dev.library.pitt.edu%2F36453%2F1%2FKAJ%2520Thesis_vFINAL_1.pdf&rft.identifier=++Johnston%2C+Kathryn++(2019)+Characterizing%2C+Controlling%2C+and+Using+Silver+Nanoparticle+Surface+Chemistry.++Doctoral+Dissertation%2C+University+of+Pittsburgh.++++(Unpublished)++