?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Fd-scholarship-dev.library.pitt.edu%2F24621%2F&rft.title=Retrodialysis+of+Pharmacological+Agents+Mitigates+Tissue+Damage+during+Brain+Microdialysis+and+Preserves+Dopamine+Activity+in+Surrounding+Tissue&rft.creator=Nesbitt%2C+Kathryn+M&rft.description=Microdialysis+is+a+powerful+technique+used+to+recover+analytes+from+the+brain.++Microdialysis+is+compatible+with+multiple+detectors+allowing+simultaneous+analysis+of+neurotransmitters%2C+metabolites%2C+neuropeptides%2C+and+amino+acids.++The+use+of+microdialysis+has+made+advances+in+understanding+brain+function+and+diseases+and+is+currently+used+to+monitor+traumatic+brain+injured+patients.+However%2C+microdialysis+probe+implantation+causes+a+penetration+injury+eliciting+a+foreign+body+response+in+the+surrounding+brain+tissue.++Tissue+around+the+probe+becomes+unhealthy+which+brings+into+question%2C+how+the+state+of+the+tissue+around+the+probe+effects+analytes+that+are+recovered+by+microdialysis.%0D%0ADopamine%2C+a+neurotransmitter+involved+in+a+variety+of+physiological+functionality+and+neurological+disorders%2C+is+often+recovered+using+microdialysis.++Dopamine+is+electroactive%2C+and+can+also+be+measured+using+carbon+fiber+microelectrodes+coupled+with+voltammetry.+The+small+size+of+these+electrodes+allows+for+high+spatial+resolution+without+damaging+the+tissue.++Using+microelectrodes+our+lab+has+previously+found+that+probe+implantation+creates+a+gradient+of+reductions+in+evoked+dopamine+responses+the+closer+the+electrode+is+to+the+probe.++This+dissertation+builds+off+of+this+finding%2C+with+the+goal+of+mitigating+the+penetration+injury+to+preserve+dopamine+neurotransmission.++First%2C+it+was+discovered+that+probe+implantation+completely+abolished+evoked+dopamine+responses+near+probes.+Administration+of+a+dopamine+transporter+inhibitor+showed+that+terminals+survive+probe+implantation+justifying+our+efforts+to+mitigate+probe+induced+tissue+damage.+Retrodialysis+of+an+anti-inflammatory+drug+dexamethasone+and+a+reactive+oxygen+species+scavenger+XJB-5-131+prevented+dopamine+terminal+loss+and+preserved+evoked+dopamine+responses+for+four+hours.+Further+work+proved+that+dexamethasone+preserves+evoked+dopamine+release+for+up+to+24+hours.+As+dexamethasone+is+a+steroid+that+could+potentially+affect+neurotransmission%2C+other+pharmacological+agents+were+investigated%2C+all+proving+to+improve+evoked+DA+responses+in+tissue+surrounding+probes.++Pharmacological+mitigation+of+tissue+damage+provides+new+insight+into+acute+extenuation+of+probe+induced+damage+which+has+the+potential+to+successfully+mitigate+chronic+implantation+for+long-term+in+vivo+monitoring+of+neurochemicals.%0D%0AIn+a+separate+study%2C+microelectrodes+were+used+to+spatially+map+dopamine+responses+in+the+rat+brain.+Distinct+dopamine+kinetics+exist+in+sub-regions+of+the+striatum+that+correlate+to+patch-matrix+compartments.%0D%0A&rft.date=2015-06-22&rft.type=University+of+Pittsburgh+ETD&rft.type=PeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.language=en&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fd-scholarship-dev.library.pitt.edu%2F24621%2F1%2FNesbittKM_ETD_2015_3.pdf&rft.identifier=++Nesbitt%2C+Kathryn+M++(2015)+Retrodialysis+of+Pharmacological+Agents+Mitigates+Tissue+Damage+during+Brain+Microdialysis+and+Preserves+Dopamine+Activity+in+Surrounding+Tissue.++Doctoral+Dissertation%2C+University+of+Pittsburgh.++++(Unpublished)++