Specific sex drug combinations contribute to the majority of recent HIV seroconversions among MSM in the MACS

Ostrow, DG and Plankey, MW and Cox, C and Li, X and Shoptaw, S and Jacobson, LP and Stall, RC (2009) Specific sex drug combinations contribute to the majority of recent HIV seroconversions among MSM in the MACS. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 51 (3). 349 - 355. ISSN 1525-4135

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: New HIV infections are being observed among men who have sex with men (MSM). Understanding the fusion of risky sexual behaviors, stimulant and erectile dysfunction drug use with HIV seroconversion may provide direction for focused intervention. METHODS: During the follow-up period (1998-2008), we identified 57 HIV seroconverters among 1667 initially HIV-seronegative men. Time to seroconversion was modeled using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis for 7 combinations of sex drugs (inhaled nitrites or "poppers", stimulants, and erectile dysfunction drugs) used at the current or previous semiannual visit, adjusting for other risk factors including sexual behavior, alcohol and other drugs used, and depression. Model-based adjusted attributable risks were then calculated. RESULTS: The risk of seroconversion increased linearly with the number of unprotected receptive anal sex partners (URASP), with hazard ratios ranging from 1.73 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.75 to 4.01] for 1 partner, to 4.23 (95% CI: 1.76 to 10.17) for 2-4 partners, and to 14.21 (95% CI: 6.27 to 32.20) for 5+ partners, independent of other risk factors. After adjustment, risks for seroconversion increased from 2.99 (95% CI: 1.02 to 8.76) for men who reported using stimulants only (1 drug) to 8.45 (95% CI: 2.67 to 26.71) for men who reported using all 3 sex drugs. The use of any of the 7 possible sex drug combinations accounted for 63% of the 9-year HIV seroincidence in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. When contributions of increased URASP and combination drug use were analyzed together, the total attributable risk for HIV seroconversion was 74%, with 41% attributable to URASP alone and a residual of 33% due to other direct or indirect effects of sex drug use. CONCLUSIONS: Use of poppers, stimulants, and erectile dysfunction drugs increased risk for HIV seroconversion significantly in this cohort. These data reinforce the importance of implementing interventions that target drug reduction as part of comprehensive and efficacious HIV prevention strategies. © 2009 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

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Details

Item Type:	Article
Status:	Published
Creators/Authors:	Creators Email Pitt Username ORCID Ostrow, DG Plankey, MW Cox, C Li, X Shoptaw, S Jacobson, LP Stall, RC
Centers:	Other Centers, Institutes, Offices, or Units > Center for LGBT Health Research
Date:	1 July 2009
Date Type:	Publication
Journal or Publication Title:	Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
Volume:	51
Number:	3
Page Range:	349 - 355
DOI or Unique Handle:	10.1097/qai.0b013e3181a24b20
Schools and Programs:	School of Public Health > Behavioral and Community Health Sciences
Refereed:	Yes
ISSN:	1525-4135
MeSH Headings:	Adolescent; Adult; Cohort Studies; Erectile Dysfunction--drug therapy; HIV Seropositivity--epidemiology; Homosexuality, Male; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pharmaceutical Preparations--administration & dosage; Pharmaceutical Preparations--adverse effects; Proportional Hazards Models; Regression Analysis; United States--epidemiology; Young Adult
Other ID:	NLM NIHMS139767, NLM PMC3074969
PubMed Central ID:	PMC3074969
PubMed ID:	19387357
Date Deposited:	25 Jun 2013 19:36
Last Modified:	10 Dec 2020 02:55
URI:	http://d-scholarship-dev.library.pitt.edu/id/eprint/19007

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